When should a lifeguard perform spinal immobilization?

A lifeguard should perform spinal immobilization when a potential head or neck injury is suspected. This is critical to prevent further injury to the spinal cord or surrounding structures. In situations where an individual has experienced a fall, a collision, or shows signs of altered consciousness, there is a risk that a serious spinal injury may have occurred. By performing spinal immobilization, the lifeguard helps to stabilize the spine and minimize movement, which is essential for the injured person's safety until further medical help can be provided.

Spinal immobilization is particularly important because any movement can exacerbate an existing injury. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the situation carefully and take the necessary precautions when a head or neck injury is suspected to protect the individual from potential paralysis or other serious consequences.